Private Student Loan Advice & College Financing Resources

Not sure if you need a cosigner for your student loans? Learn more about the different factors you should consider to help you decide.

A cosigner is someone who takes legal responsibility for a loan in addition to the primary borrower. Learn more about student loan cosigners.

The Credit Impact To Cosigning a Student Loan If you’re wondering how cosigning a student loan affects credit, the answer is—it depends. Cosigning a student loan could have positive impacts on your credit, negative impacts on your credit, or no impact on your credit. It depends on how the student borrower, in this case the student whose loan you are cosigning, makes payments. However, many factors can influence the impact of cosigning a student loan on your credit.   Is a Cosigner Necessary for All Student Loans? Let’s start with the basics of what is a cosigner. A cosigner is someone who agrees to accept responsibility for the repayment of a loan if the student borrower fails to fulfill their financial obligation. Ultimately, the cosigner assumes the financial risk if the student borrower defaults on their loan or fails to make timely payments.  Whether a cosigner is required will depend on the student borrower’s specific financial circumstances and requirements their lender may have. These qualifications generally include financial factors such as the student borrower's age, income, credit score, and other criteria.  Even if a student qualifies for a loan without a cosigner, opting to apply with a cosigner can have additional benefits. Depending on the lender, adding a cosigner may help the student qualify for a larger loan and more favorable rates and terms. When is a Cosigner Necessary for Student Loans?  Several factors determine whether a cosigner is necessary for college loans or graduate student loans. Some of the student’s criteria that might determine whether a cosigner is required include:  Age – Some lenders may require cosigners for student loans if the student borrower is below a certain age, usually between 18 and 22 years old (depending on the state).  Credit Score – Most lenders will require a cosigner if the student borrower has no credit history or a low credit score.   Employment History – Many lenders will require a cosigner if the student borrower lacks sufficient employment history (this is a common scenario for aspiring college students just finishing high school).  Income – Most lenders will require a cosigner if the applicant’s income does not meet the minimum requirement, which is very likely to be the case for many prospective students.  Debt-to-Income Ratio – Most lenders will require a cosigner if the applicant’s debt-to-income ratio is above a certain threshold.  Even though most private student loan lenders will require a cosigner, not all will, or at least, not in all circumstances. Ascent offers both loans with a cosigner and no-cosigner student loans, depending on your needs and eligibility.  How Your Credit Score is Impacted When Cosigning a Student Loan The impact of cosigning a student loan on your credit score is determined by the financial circumstances and planning of the student borrower when paying back the loan.   First, any potential cosigner should understand that the student loan application process often involves a hard credit check, also known as a hard inquiry. A hard inquiry is triggered when a lender reviews your credit score to help assess your creditworthiness. This activity will have little to no short-term impact on your credit score. However, too many hard inquiries over a short period can raise a flag to lenders that you are seeking to borrow beyond what you can pay back.  In the long-term, determining whether cosigning a student loan will impact your credit score depends on whether the student loan payments are made. If the loan payments are made on time, and the loan is paid back by the required date, the cosigners’ credit score may even improve. Cosigning can help the student borrower and cosigner build credit if they have little or no credit history.  On the other hand, if payments are late or the loan defaults, the student borrower and the cosigner will see this reflected on their credit report. In addition to negatively impacting your credit score, as a cosigner, you may be exposed to long-term financial and potential legal consequences should the lender or debt collectors attempt to collect the unpaid debt.   Other than the potential impact on your credit score, there are other financial implications of cosigning a student loan. It is important to note that there is no special classification for cosigned student loan debt on your credit score—the borrowed amount will show up as debt just as if you took out the loan yourself. This means that the loan amount will be factored into your debt-to-income ratio, which can affect your creditworthiness until the loan is paid down or off completely. If you are considering cosigning, consider how this debt could impact your future financial opportunities, such as your ability to take out other loan types, like an auto or home loan.  Requirements for Cosigning a Student Loan  Each student loan provider may have unique requirements regarding who is eligible to cosign a student loan, which may vary by loan type. For example, a lender may have stricter requirements for cosigners of loans above a certain amount. However, there are some common requirements that a student loan cosigner usually needs to meet.  U.S. Citizenship – Many U.S.-based lenders require cosigners to be U.S. citizens or permanent residents.  Age Requirements – Most lenders have age requirements for cosigners; usually, you must be at least 18.  Good Credit History – All lenders require that cosigners meet or exceed a minimum credit score; larger loans may require a higher credit score.  Stable Income/Employment History – Lenders often require cosigners to have a verified stable income and employment history.  Low Debt-to-Income Ratio – Most lenders will require student loan cosigners to have a debt-to-income ratio that does not exceed a maximum amount.  Responsible Financial Management – Lenders often look at the cosigner’s overall financial responsibility, such as their history of making a timely loan or credit card payment.  Meeting Requirements Over Time – Many lenders will require that the cosigner not only meet other requirements but have met them for a sustained period, for example, two years.  Relationship to Student Borrower – Although this is not a common requirement, most cosigners are family, including parents and close friends.  Benefits of Being a Student Loan Cosigner While inherent risks are associated with being a student loan cosigner, there are also potential benefits that may make this decision worthwhile. Some notable benefits of becoming a cosigner include:  Facilitating Access to Education - By cosigning a student loan, you play a crucial role in helping someone pursue their education. Access to higher education can open doors to better career opportunities and personal growth for the student borrower.  Building or Enhancing Credit History - As a cosigner, you contribute to establishing or improving the student borrower's credit history. Timely repayments can positively impact both the student borrower's and your credit scores, potentially leading to better financial opportunities in the future.  Fostering Financial Responsibility - Acting as a cosigner provides an opportunity to mentor and guide the primary borrower through financial planning. By sharing the responsibility, you can impart valuable lessons about budgeting, responsible spending, and meeting financial obligations.  Potential for Favorable Loan Terms - Your involvement as a cosigner may help secure more favorable loan terms, such as lower interest rates or more flexible repayment options. This can ease the financial burden on the student borrower and create a more manageable repayment plan.  Risks of Being a Student Loan Cosigner There are several risks involved in being a student loan cosigner. Some of the most important things you need to be aware of and look out for include:  Full Obligation to Cover the Debt – As a cosigner, you are equally responsible for repaying the full amount of the loan. If the student borrower fails to make payments or defaults, you are legally obligated to cover the debt, which can have long-term financial implications.  Negative Impact on Your Credit Score – Being a student loan cosigner can negatively impact your credit. The impact can be especially massive if the student borrower misses payments or defaults.  Difficulty in Removing Yourself from the Loan – Depending on the lender, it can be a difficult process to remove a cosigner from a student loan, even if the student borrower has established good credit.  Potential Legal Challenges – If the student borrower defaults on the loan, the lender can take legal action against the cosigner. In some cases, this could even result in wage garnishment or legal judgments.  What Is a Cosigner Release?  A cosigner release is a provision included in some student loan agreements in which the cosigner may be removed from the loan responsibility after meeting specific qualifications. These terms will vary by lender but generally include an analysis of the student borrower’s payment history and qualifications as a solo borrower. The cosigner may be released from the loan once the student borrower meets these conditions and other required terms. If the lender approves the cosigner release, the cosigner is no longer obligated to repay the debt.  Having the option of being released from the cosigner obligation reduces the long-term financial risk for the cosigner, as they will no longer be responsible for the financial consequences should the student borrower default on the loan. For example, Ascent borrowers can apply for cosigner release after making the first twelve consecutive, regularly scheduled payments and meeting other eligibility criteria.  Learn More with Ascent From applying to college and beyond, Ascent supports students and their families with financial wellness resources and college loan options to help you achieve your financial goals. Learn more about our cosigned student loan options or contact us today for more questions about cosigning a loan from Ascent Funding.   FAQ Whose credit is affected on a cosigned loan? The student borrower's and the cosigner’s credit are impacted when applying for a cosigned student loan, but they do so differently. The student borrower is primarily responsible for making timely payments and managing the loan. If the student borrower does so, their credit score will improve, as will the cosigner's. If the student borrower misses payments or defaults on the loan, their credit score will be negatively impacted, as will the cosigner's. However, the cosigner can make loan payments anytime to prevent a missed payment.  Can you remove yourself as a cosigner?  Whether or not you can remove yourself as a cosigner from a student loan depends largely on the terms of the specific loan and the lender. Removing yourself as a cosigner from a student loan may be difficult unless the lender offers a cosigner release option.   How do I protect myself as a cosigner? You can protect yourself as a student loan cosigner in many ways. Some of the most effective and important include:  Understand all terms of the loan  Communicate openly and regularly with the student borrower about the loan and their financial situation.  Review any cosigner release provision in the terms of the loan.  Regularly monitor credit reports.  Set up payment alerts.  Maintain an emergency fund to cover payments.  Know your rights and responsibilities as a cosigner.  Encourage responsible borrowing. 

Weighing the pros and cons of becoming a student loan cosigner? Learn about the benefits and potential risks of being a cosigner on a student loan from Ascent Funding.

Although cosigners can be beneficial, you should know how to remove them from a student loan. Learn how to remove a cosigner with Ascent.

Learn about Expected Family Contribution (EFC), now called the Student Aid Index (SAI), and its role in determining financial aid eligibility.

Subsidized and unsubsidized loans are part of the federal direct loan program and offer students various loan options. Learn more.

Wondering if you qualify for federal financial aid? Learn more about the eligibility requirements while submitting your Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA).

College application deadlines determine the dates student applications must be submitted to be considered for the upcoming school year. While every college is free to set its own application deadlines, many colleges have the same deadlines or at least similar ones. Most colleges offer multiple application options, including early action, early decision, regular decision, and rolling admission.  Which application deadline you submit can impact your eligibility for certain admissions or program types. It can also influence your likelihood of acceptance or the number of schools you can choose between. If you’ve been wondering when college applications are due for fall 2026, we have everything you need to know. When to Apply for College: Fall 2026 Most college application deadlines fall within narrow windows of about two weeks. This is because most colleges and high schools follow similar academic years, which simplifies the process for students and institutions. Below are some key college application deadlines to have on your radar for the 2025-2026 academic year.  Early action: November 1–15, 2025 Early decision: November 1–15, 2025 Regular decision: January 1–15, 2026 Rolling admission: No set deadline While you’ll have to start planning earlier, it’s smart to apply for early action or early decision if you can. The sooner you know what college you’ll attend, the less stress you’ll feel the rest of the year. Aim for the following college deadlines if you plan to apply for early admission for the 2026 school year:  April–May 2025: Take the ACT or SAT June 2025: Request letters of recommendation August 2025: Start writing your essays October 2025: Apply for student aid November 2025: Submit application Remember that these are just general guidelines. Application deadlines for colleges vary, so it’s important to check the official website of each school you’re interested in. Types of Application Deadlines for Colleges When college applications are due for fall 2026 is probably only your first question. You’ll also want to know what each type of application means and when you can expect a decision. Check out the chart of college deadlines below and then read on for more detailed information.  Admission TypeDescriptionApplication DeadlineAdmission DecisionEarly actionApply to a single school earlyNovember 1–15, 2025Mid-DecemberEarly decisionApply to multiple schools earlyNovember 1–15, 2025Mid-DecemberRegular decisionApply to multiple schools using the standard processJanuary 1–15, 2026Mid-March to early AprilRolling admissionOngoing admissions until all spots are filled No set deadline4–6 weeks after application Early Decision (ED) Deadlines Early decision allows you to apply to a single school (typically your top choice) early in your senior year of high school. If you’re admitted under early decision, you are committed to attending that college and must withdraw any other applications, so it’s important to be sure the school is the right fit.  Many colleges notify early-decision applicants by mid-December, giving you an earlier answer compared to other application types. However, since you must commit if you’re accepted, you won’t have the opportunity to compare financial aid offers from multiple schools. Early Action (EA) Deadlines Early action allows you to apply to a school early in your senior year of high school (often at the same or similar deadline to early decision). Unlike early decision, early action is non-binding, meaning you can apply to multiple schools and wait to make a final choice. This allows earlier awareness and more flexibility in the college decision process. Some schools offer restrictive early action, which limits how many early applications you can submit, so be sure to check each school’s policies. Regular Decision (RD) Deadlines Regular decision is the standard application process. Applications are due in late fall or early winter, and acceptances are sent out in late winter or early spring. You may apply to several colleges under regular decision deadlines without forming a binding commitment. This option gives you the most time to complete your application, gather recommendation letters, and improve your academic record before applying. Rolling Admissions Deadlines Schools with rolling admissions have no set deadline and typically accept applications from fall through spring, often from September to June, though it varies. Decisions are usually sent out within a few weeks of applying, which means you may receive an acceptance letter much sooner than with regular decision. While this offers flexibility, it’s still best to apply as early as possible, because spots may be limited later in the admission cycle. College Transfer Deadlines College deadlines for transfer students vary tremendously from institution to institution and semester to semester. For example, most colleges that accept transfer students have separate fall semester transfer deadlines, spring semester transfer deadlines, and summer semester transfer deadlines. Some schools also have priority deadlines for transfer students, which can help increase your chances of receiving financial aid or securing a spot in competitive programs. Scholarship Deadlines Applying for scholarships on time is one of the most important things you can do to improve your likelihood of both receiving financial aid and increasing the amount of aid you receive. Since deadlines vary widely, it’s a good idea to keep a list of upcoming scholarship opportunities and submit applications as early as possible. Some scholarships require essays, recommendation letters, or additional materials, so give yourself plenty of time to prepare.  Get a head start on scholarships by applying for one of Ascent’s no-essay scholarship giveaways today. Late Applications and Special Conditions Application deadlines for colleges are strict and not meeting them usually means you will not be accepted into that school (especially for more competitive schools). But if you miss a deadline, it does not mean all hope is lost. Late college applications can present special challenges, but you may have options. Here are some of the most helpful things you can do: Apply for rolling admissions: Because institutions with rolling admissions accept applications until all spots are filled, they may be an option for applicants who missed deadlines at other schools. Research late deadline options: Some colleges offer extended deadlines for specific circumstances, especially if their class has not been filled. Check admissions websites for details or contact the admissions office directly. Be prepared to explain why you could not meet the application deadline, supported by documentation. Seek a deadline extension: Even if your desired school doesn’t have an extended deadline, they might be willing to accommodate special circumstances if notified in advance. To maximize your chances of consideration, contact admissions offices as early as possible, explain the circumstances clearly and concisely, and offer a plan with a reasonable timeline.  Explain in your application: Address any challenges or adversity you have faced, especially if these circumstances impacted your ability to meet the application deadline. Many colleges provide a section where you can provide additional context or include a personal statement that can be leveraged for this purpose. Seek support from guidance counselors: High school guidance counselors can provide general support and may have advice on handling your particular circumstances.  Pros and Cons of Early Applications There are many potential benefits of meeting early application deadlines for college. However, some early application deadlines might bind you to a particular school, so it is important to be careful. Some of the most important benefits of early applications include: Increased chance of admission: Most colleges have a higher acceptance rate for early applicants. Applying early shows you’re serious about attending, especially if you’re willing to commit through early decision. Many schools take that into account. Plus, you’ll have less competition because the pool of applicants is smaller. Higher priority for financial aid: Financial aid is limited to public and private sources. Many institutions distribute aid on a first-come, first-served basis, and many private and public scholarships do the same. Reduced stress: Not only does hearing back early reduce the stress associated with waiting to hear back from college (especially if it is the student’s dream school), but it also gives both you and your family more time to plan, prepare, and apply for financial aid and scholarships. However, when college applications are due early, you might feel rushed or run into other disadvantages: Early decision is binding: If you apply early decision and are accepted, you must attend that school, which means you can’t compare financial aid offers from other colleges. This can be unfavorable if the school doesn’t offer enough financial aid to meet your needs. Less time to prepare: Early deadlines mean you have less time to improve your GPA, strengthen your extracurricular activities, or retake standardized tests. If you need more time to boost your application, applying early may not benefit you. Key College Applications Deadlines 2024 Most college application deadlines fall within narrow windows of about two weeks. This is because most colleges and high schools follow similar academic years, which simplifies the process for students and institutions.  Below are some key college application deadlines to have on your radar for the 2024-2025 academic year: Early Decision and Early Action Deadlines – November 1-15, 2024 Regular Decision Deadlines – January 1-15, 2025 Rolling Admissions – Ongoing until all spots are filled  Financial Aid deadlines – Dates vary Scholarship deadlines – Dates vary Remember that these are just general guidelines. It’s important to check the official website of each school you are interested in for that specific institution’s deadlines. Tips and Strategies for Meeting College Application Deadlines As you start thinking about when college applications are due, you should also be getting organized so you can make sure your applications are accurate, submitted on time, and paint you in the most favorable light. Here are some tips and strategies: Create a timeline: Develop a detailed timeline that includes application deadlines for the schools you want to apply to, standardized test dates, and any other relevant milestones.  Set incremental goals: Break down large tasks into smaller, more manageable steps. Identify which tasks require the most time, like completing essays and gathering recommendation letters, so you can prioritize those. Utilize digital tools: Apps like Trello, Notion, Evernote, or Todoist can help you list application deadlines, scholarship due dates, and test registration cutoffs. Set reminders to give yourself time to finalize everything. Set up a specially dedicated calendar: Calendar apps like Google Calendar allows you to color-code and categorize, set reminders, sync your calendar across devices, and share it with your supporters. Keep all documents in one place: Use Google Drive or Dropbox to store copies of your transcripts, essays, recommendation letters, and test scores so you can easily access everything you need. Apply with Confidence with Ascent While you may be wondering when college applications are due, that’s just one step in achieving your higher education goals. One of the most important decisions you must make regarding your education is how to pay for college. Although financial aid and scholarships may cover a portion of your expenses, they may not cover the full cost of attending college.  Ascent's private undergraduate student loans can help fill those gaps. Our cosigned student loan and no cosigner student loan options are designed to provide students and their families with the support they need. Let us help you achieve your financial and educational goals. FAQ When Should You Start Applying for Scholarships for College? You can start applying for scholarships as early as your junior year of high school, and some colleges even accept applications from younger students. Many scholarship deadlines fall between the summer before senior year and early spring of senior year. Applying early gives you more opportunities to secure financial aid and reduces the amount you need to borrow for college. Do You Apply for College Junior or Senior Year? Most students begin the college application process in the summer or fall of their senior year. However, junior year is a great time to start researching schools, preparing for standardized tests, and gathering application materials. Some special programs or early admissions opportunities may allow students to apply before senior year, but most regular applications open in August or September of senior year. How Strict Are College Application Deadlines? Application deadlines for colleges are typically very strict, and missing them can mean losing your chance to apply for that term. Some schools may offer late application options, but competitive programs usually have firm deadlines with no exceptions. It’s always best to submit your application early to avoid last-minute issues and ensure everything is received on time. When Are Application Deadlines for Colleges? Most early decision and early action deadlines fall between November 1 and November 15, while most regular decision deadlines fall between January 1 and January 15. However, every college can set its own application deadlines, so you should check with the official admissions website or the admissions department of every college you’re considering. What Does the FAFSA Have to Do with the Deadline to Apply for Colleges? The Free Application for Federal Student Aid, better known as FAFSA, is closely tied to college application deadlines, and its submission is a critical component of the financial aid process. Many colleges use the FAFSA to determine a student’s eligibility for financial aid, such as federal grants, work-study programs, and federal student loans. It's important to submit the FAFSA as early as possible to maximize eligibility for certain aid types and meet FAFSA deadlines. Check out the Ascent guide to FAFSA for more information.

Ascent Funding explains what student loan forbearance is and what the pros and cons of forbearance are. Learn more and see if you qualify.

EFC stands for Expected Family Contribution and is a number used in the FAFSA process to help calculate your eligibility for financial aid. Learn more about EFC and the switch from EFC to SAI.